Pipe lifespan is a range rather than a date, because the soil around it decides. Copper generally runs 50 to 80 years, galvanized steel 20 to 40, and PVC 20 to 50, with newer formulations past 70. Acidity in the soil, ground movement and water quality move every one of those numbers. The way to know what is left is to look at the system, which is where we start.
The second question is always how invasive the work is. That depends on the material and the route more than on the size of the home. We plan the run to be efficient and to open as little as possible, then walk you through the steps before anything comes off the wall. We install copper, PEX, PVC and ABS, and we will tell you what is in there now and why it is failing.
Water service lines, the run between the street and the home, are located before they are excavated. Acoustic sensors, ground microphones and camera inspection pinpoint the break, and in many cases we replace the line trenchlessly through small access points instead of trenching the garden. Cost follows length, depth, material, access and method, and on San Francisco lots it also follows sidewalks, steep driveways and shared utilities.